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							<h2 id="t_4d8a63830102wbzu" class="titName SG_txta">刘邦的性格&nbsp;&nbsp;</h2>
			
					<span class="time SG_txtc">(2015-09-18 09:43:41)</span><div class="turnBoxzz"><a href="javascript:;" class="SG_aBtn SG_aBtn_ico SG_turn"  action-type="reblog" action-data="{srcBlog:1, blogId:'4d8a63830102wbzu'}"><cite><img class="SG_icon SG_icon111" src="http://simg.sinajs.cn/blog7style/images/common/sg_trans.gif" width="15" height="15" align="absmiddle">转载<em class="arrow">▼</em></cite></a></div>		</div>
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&nbsp;<wbr>&nbsp;<wbr></SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: Times; line-height: normal; font-size: 20px; text-indent: 20.6px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">无论刘邦出身如何，我们都必须承认，他算是天底下运气最好的人之一。可是这个人的性格，与他的运气，实在无法匹配。时人</SPAN><a HREF="http://baike.baidu.com/view/854481.htm"><span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: Times;">魏豹</SPAN></A><span STYLE="font-family: Times; line-height: normal; font-size: 20px; text-indent: 20.6px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">对刘邦的看法是，傲慢，喜欢侮辱人，尤其他被项羽封为汉王后，更是无端辱骂手下大臣，非礼至极。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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&nbsp;<wbr>魏豹对刘邦的看法，具有代表性。事实上，刘邦就是这样一个人，流氓嘛，就得流言匪语。也不止出口成脏，刘邦的举止，也颇符合流氓的特点。讲几件他的小事。刘邦打江山那会儿，行军至高阳，访贤求士。军中有一骑士，家在高阳，得遇同乡郦食其。郦食其对那位骑士说：“我听说刘邦傲慢自大，却有谋略，这样的人，我之偶像也。你能否把我推荐给他？”</FONT></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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那位骑士答应，并将郦食其推荐给刘邦。刘邦一听，贤士是一位六十多岁的儒生，心里就特不得劲儿，慢待道：“你叫他来，我看看。”郦食其如约，却见刘邦正坐在床上，令两个女孩给他洗脚。郦食其人称狂生，哪受得了这般屈辱，指斥刘邦道：“您是想帮助秦国攻打诸侯呢，还是想率领诸侯灭掉秦国呢？”刘邦骂道：“你个奴才相儒生！天下苦秦久矣，诸侯才起兵反抗暴政，你怎么说我要帮助秦国攻打诸侯呢？”郦食其不为所惧，抬高嗓门道：“如果您决心推翻暴秦，就不应该用这种倨慢不礼的态度来接见长者。”刘邦这才起身道歉，以礼相待。郦食其有个弟弟叫郦商，聚众数千。因郦食其给刘邦做幕僚，其弟郦商遂率部从，投在刘邦帐下听令。</FONT></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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刘邦不仅有洗脚癖、好色癖，似乎还挺喜欢粉嫩的小太监。房中事，当然要避讳人，然而，刘邦拿小太监当枕头，却从不避讳。臣下找他汇报工作，他就躺在床上，头枕小太监，哼哈作答是他，骂爹骂娘是他。臣下都知道自己这位主子流氓出身，办公不讲章法，也只好硬着头皮，任其祖宗八辈的糟蹋。不然又如何呢？刘邦连自己的父亲，都不怎么客气。</FONT></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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刘邦与项羽争霸，项羽抓捕了刘邦的父亲与妻儿，两军僵持之际，项羽激将说：“刘邦给我听好了，你若再不出来投降，我便把你老爹油炸吃了！”刘邦说：“项羽也给我听好了，你我约为兄弟，我爹就是你爹，你要油炸了咱爹，到时别忘了分我一杯羹！”项羽那个气，心想，这个流氓，不安规矩出牌呀。项羽贵族出身，焉知流氓的道道。若非他的叔叔项伯止住，他真就把刘邦的老爹给油炸了。</FONT></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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后来，刘邦用计，救出老爹和老婆孩子；再后来，登基做了皇帝。刘邦当上皇帝的第一个新年，在未央宫举行国宴。酒过三巡，当着那么多人的面，刘邦竟然讥讽他的老爹，说：“爹呀，从前吧，你老总说我是流氓无赖什么的，不像哥哥，治产置业。爹以为，儿今天这家业置办的，与哥哥比如何？究竟是谁的家业大呢？”刘邦如今是富有一国，他哥哥如何与他相比。刘邦如此质问，分明是臊他老爹哩。听儿皇帝夹枪带棒的话头，老爹听了，面红耳赤，无话可说。</FONT></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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要说，刘邦待他老爹的态度，还算是客气的，对大臣则完全没有礼法。一个叫做周昌的人，是刘邦的沛县老乡，随刘邦闹革命，封汾阳侯，先后拜中尉、御史大夫。周昌为人倔强，敢于直言。一天，周昌入宫请示工作上的事，刚踏步内殿，便听到里面有男女在打情骂俏，甚至是淫声荡调。周昌凝神一瞧，遥见刘邦怀抱美人，正调情取乐。那美人不是别人，正是刘邦的宠妃戚氏。周昌见了，掉头就走。然已晚矣，刘邦追至殿门外，大声骂道：<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">“</SPAN>周昌你个奴才，扭头就跑，什么意思？<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">”</SPAN></FONT></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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周昌止住脚步，回头跪下行礼，刘邦一个快步上前，不由分说，便骑到周昌脖子上，俯首问道：<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">“</SPAN>你个老奴才，见不得朕快活。朕的举止，哪里污你耳目了？嘿，你屁不放一个，撒腿就跑。这会儿，你倒是给朕说说，在你眼里，朕究竟是怎样的一个君主？<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">”</SPAN>周昌仰面，瞪着刘邦道：<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">“</SPAN>在臣下眼里，陛下好比桀纣哩！<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">”</SPAN>刘邦听了，哈哈大笑：<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">“</SPAN>你个老奴才，倒会骂人。骂便骂好了，朕不做那桀纣。<span STYLE="line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times new roman';">”</SPAN>说着，从周昌脖子上下来。周昌遂将事奏毕，扬长而去。</FONT></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.6px; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">
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通过上述几件琐碎小事，我们得以看到刘邦性格中，最为真实的一面。这一面，体现的是一种流氓精神。传统社会，一说到流氓，比较的狭义。一般指强抢民女、调戏妇女之类。流氓的原意或广义，首先是指没有职业者，他们身上往往有那么点骑士的味道。流氓者，无产也。这样的人，信马由缰，处事无羁。中国民间有句话，叫做“光脚的不怕穿鞋的”，流氓者、无产者，就是那光脚的，因为一无所有，便充满了“豁出去”的性格。这种人做事不计后果，在落后的农业社会，往往能大行其道、大显身手。本节所言的流氓精神，置于生产力低下的农业社会这个环境来说事。刘邦及其同僚，身上也正因为具备了这样的流氓精神，才得以拥有天下。</FONT></P>
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<font STYLE="font-size: 20px;">（选自魏得胜著《汉室江山兴衰史》，秀威·新锐文创2015年版）</FONT></P>							
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